On issue of reconstruction of Iraq after war Essay

One year after the war on Iraq was launched; the promise of improved human rights for Iraqi citizens remain far from realized, concludes a new report by Amnesty International. Twelve months on from the invasion of Iraq by the US-led coalition, the Iraqi people still suffer from serious human rights violations. The past year has seen scores of unarmed people killed due to excessive or unnecessary use of lethal force by Coalition forces during public demonstrations, at check points and in house raids. Thousands of people have been detained, often under harsh conditions, and subjected to prolonged and often unacknowledged detention. Many have been tortured or ill-treated and some have died in custody. Violence is endemic, whether in the form of attacks by armed groups or abuses by the occupying forces. Millions of people have suffered the consequences of destroyed or looted infrastructure, mass unemployment and uncertainty about their future. There is little or no confidence that all those responsible for human rights abuses, both past and present, will be brought to justice. After a year of war, lawlessness, spiralling violence and economic hardship, Iraqis face an uncertain future. For the next year to be better than the last, the occupying forces, Iraqi political and religious leaders and the international community must make a real commitment to protecting and promoting human rights in Iraq. A year after the war began Iraqi civilians are still being killed every day. Over 10,000 Iraqi civilians are estimated to have been killed since 18 March 2003 as a direct result of the military intervention in Iraq, either during the war or during the subsequent occupation. The figure is an estimate as the authorities are unwilling or unable to catalogue killings. Scores of civilians have been killed apparently as a result of excessive use of force by US troops, or have been shot dead in disputed circumstances. No US soldier has been prosecuted for illegally killing an Iraqi civilian. Iraqi courts, because of an order issued by the US-led authority in Baghdad in June 2003, are forbidden from hearing cases against US soldiers or any other foreign troops or foreign officials in Iraq. In effect, US soldiers are operating with total impunity. Iraqi civilians have also faced danger in the form of attacks, apparently carried out by armed groups that have been a growing feature of life in Iraq since the occupation began. The attacks have targeted the US military, Iraqi security personnel, Iraqi-controlled police stations, religious leaders and buildings, media workers, non-governmental organizations and UN agencies. They have resulted in the deaths of at least hundreds of civilians. To the extent that these bombings are part of a widespread or systematic attack on the civilian population of Iraq in furtherance of an organization’s policy, they would constitute crimes against humanity. The lack of law and order continues to be a major concern in many areas of Iraq. Ensuring justice is fundamental for the countless victims of human rights violations in Iraq. Iraqis have suffered decades of grave violations by their government as well as abuses committed during the course of several conflicts, including the recent war and its aftermath. Fundamental changes to Iraq’s legal, judicial and penal systems are needed. Human rights must be at the centre of all efforts to rebuild and reconstruct Iraq. A failure to fully protect human rights in the process of change would be a betrayal of the Iraqi people, who have suffered so much in the past. CURRENT RECONSTRUCTION MOVEMENT The hopes to American and British plans of reconstruction of Iraq have cast serious doubts whether it will serve the rights of the Iraqis or the economic ends of US and UK. George Bush and company having a clear idea of the destruction they will unleash on the Iraqi people is beyond doubt. However, that does not deter them from following this disastrous course of action. The US government is prepared to spend around $12bn on attacking Iraq. So far it has only offered $65 million to provide them with the basics of life. This $65 million is expected to last less than 6 months but that is all right according to the calculations of the Bush administration. By then, the world media would have moved on to some new crisis, just as Afghanistan is now relegated to the inner most pages of newspapers. This $65 million should help contain the misery of the Iraqi people within some parameters for the brief period of time that they expect the world to pay attention to Iraq. The real â€Å"reconstruction† of Iraq has the US and UK, along with their cronies, salivating. In the name of reconstruction they will receive lucrative contracts for their respective private sectors. In the case of Iraq, the oil company Halliburton, which incidentally was headed by US Vice President Dick Cheney between 1995-2000, has already been awarded a multi-million dollar contract to clean up the Iraqi oilfields after the devastation of war, especially if a retreating Iraqi army puts them to fire. Other American and British oil companies are likely to exert complete control of Iraqi oilfields. Since the market for oil is relatively price-inelastic, and does not lend itself well to brand differentiation, control of supplies is everything in this industry. The prizes don’t come any bigger than the Iraqi oilfields. Other equally substantial payoffs await these companies in the future. For instance, apart from the immediate profits and control of natural resources, first mover advantages in these markets are bound to be enormous. As Steven Schooner, a George Washington University law professor maintains â€Å"the most sophisticated firms that come in first, and establish good will with the locals obviously will reap huge benefits down the road. These are going to become brand names in Iraq.

Chapter 12 Discussion Questions

Chapter 12 Discussion Questions 1-5 Dan Yohe 1. Approximatley how far ahead would one need to plan for the following types of facilities? A. Restaurant-At least one to three nights in advance. You could go to the farmers market to get fresh vegetables but you may only be able to get staples/necessities once or twice a week. B. Hospital-I would say at least a week if not a month to be enough to take care of all the patients they might get. C. Oil refinery-An oil refinery I would have to say would need to plan for a weekly possibly monthly schedule. D. Toy factory-I would say a daily maybe weekly schedule to keep up with deamand.E. Public school-I would say based on what I have heard while I was in school that they would have to plan for a monthly schedule. F. Electric power plant-Daily would be my guess to provide power at all times, as well as monthly to bill customers for their services. G. Private school-I would think that they do the same thing that a public school would do most l ikely a monthly schedule. 2. What problems are created by simultaneously considering the capacity questions of how much, how large, where, when, and what type? The facilities decisions are exceedingly complex and extremely difficult to analyze.When these problems are lumped together simultaneously it creates very complex forecasting problems and errors trying to break down data. 3. A school district has forecast student enrollment for several years into the future and predicts excess capacity for 2000 students. The school board says that the only alternative is to close the school. Evaluate. The school board in this scenario is being rash. I think that the school could be opened and run at capacity. They could add on to the school and rent mobile trailers to teach kids in while the additions are being completed.There is a way that this could be dealt with in a way that everyone wins. Closing the school is a worst case scenario and could devastate a community and ruin kid’s ch ances at a shot at a good education. 4. Why are facilities decisions often made by top management? What is the role in these decisions of operations, marketing, finance, accounting, engineering, and human resources. They are made by top management because they have all the information and follow all of the trends of the latest business decisions. The top management people have all of the marketing department information, finances of the company.Accounting sends all the vital information needed to influence specific decisions that management might make. Engineering and human resources do the job that top management assigns them to do. Human resources hires and enforces rules. Engineering does all the assignments that top management assigns them. 5. In what ways does corporate strategy affect capacity decisions? Corporate strategy affects capacity decisions by devising plans to make decisions by coming up with goals to meet budgetary and profitary requirements. Based on all of the inf ormation they can come up with they apply it all and come up with a way to market their product.

Competitive markets, monopolies, oligopolies as types of markets Essay

Competitive markets, monopolies, oligopolies as types of markets structures - Essay Example This means that the seller has a lot of authority and control over the market conditions such as price and supply. Some of the characteristics of monopolistic market structure include little quantity or absence of substitute products, large barriers to market entry, little or no competition, while seller has a great authority over market conditions, prices are determined by the seller, insignificant difference exists between the industry and firm. Additionally, the demand curve for monopolistic markets is downward sloping, which simply means the seller can sell less at a higher price, or vice versa (Nicholson, & Snyder, 2008, p. 491). Unlike in competitive markets, monopolistic markets have the upper hand in setting market prices. Since the firms or the sellers have little to worry about competitors, they can set the prices above the marginal costs. They can set the prices above the normal profits as would be in the case of competitive markets. Additionally, the seller can influence supply, thereby determining the price by either selling more at a lower price or selling less at a higher price. The maximum possible price will be where marginal cost, marginal revenue, and demand curve intersect. Although monopolies can maximize profits in several ways, the output is largely determined by marginal cost and marginal revenue. The seller will continue increasing the output, as long as marginal costs are lower than marginal revenue. The maximum profit will be realized when the difference between marginal revenue and marginal cost is maximum. Since the seller is the price determinant, it is possible to regulate the output such that the profit obtained is maximized when other market conditions are considered. Monopoly markets have many market entry barriers as compared... It is evidently clear from the discussion that competitive markets are characterized by unlimited number of buyers and sellers, all trading on the same or similar commodity in a manner that the prices of the commodity are largely determined by the market forces. Therefore, a single individual or a small fraction of the buyers or sellers has little or no impact upon the price. Once the prevailing market forces set the price, buyers or sellers have no option but to go with the offered prices. Monopoly type of market structure refers to a market whereby there is little or no competition on the offered commodity. This means that the seller has a lot of authority and control over the market conditions such as price and supply. Some of the characteristics of monopolistic market structure include little quantity or absence of substitute products, large barriers to market entry, little or no competition, while seller has a great authority over market conditions, prices are determined by the seller, insignificant difference exists between the industry and firm. Oligopoly is a market structure whereby few sellers dominate the market. Unlike in monopoly form of market structure, oligopoly players can hardly make independent decisions since the other market players will react in response. Therefore, the decisions of one player are under the influence of the others. Few large firms characterize the market structure, each firm is appreciably large in comparison to the overall market, similar or close substitute products, and large barriers to entry.

Should UK police remain unarmed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Should UK police remain unarmed - Essay Example They deliberate upon the fact that the existing threats luring over UK call for sustained defense, carrying of arms is an integral part. This would not only introduce arms in the police, but having ex-soldiers would give it a militarized look that would essentially be dictating order rather than maintaining order. Secondly, they advocate that the relationship ship between armed crime in Britain versus the number of policemen trained with armed is inversely proportional over the past five years. They present this as a glaring proof and reason to reverse the strategy on gun use for police, and start being more pro active in the situation. The interesting implication in this context is the fact that regardless of the number and level of trained officers, what shall be relevant is whether they are allowed to carry weapons or not! Another important point to their stance is when they narrate, "In 2003-04 there were 11,630 assaults on police in England and Wales, equivalent to a policeman or woman attacked every 45 minutes." This in turn gives a very defenseless impression of the police and gives them a more potent reason to ask for weapons during duty. Those who can't protect themselves, inherently can't do anything for others! This arti This article, being written shortly after the killing of the police woman is forceful to the extent of emotionalism. Though concrete in its presentation, yet the opposition may state in contradiction that one incident alone can do little to change the decades of policy formulation of the policing service in Britain. Nonetheless, it elucidates a very strong stance unto the dire need and necessity of the police to be armed adequately. Review 2 'The Bombing and Human Rights', posted at the World Socialist Website argues against the unquestionable power available to the British police these days, on account of weapon handling, searches and arrests. Julie Hyland writes just weeks after the infamous London bombings, influenced deeply by the innocent killing of a Brazilian national by the police. This text hence ardently cautions against the use of fire arms by the British police. "The country that long prided itself on a tradition of unarmed policing has become one in which armed police are empowered to act with impunity," is the unequivocal opinion of the writer. She is of the belief that uncontrollable political and security circumstances have given the police incontrollable rights; something that is intolerable for any profession in the society. Something that is beyond control is not likely to produce any level of control itself. Not only has this broken the traditions of the UK police, but also has given them the blind license to practice as they please. The article further highlights that the metropolitan police commissioner, following the aforementioned killing went on record to have said, "Even more innocent people could be killed." This instills unparalleled amounts of fear and horror in the minds of ordinary civilians, specially the minority communities. The rights and sanctities of the people at large is considered to be devastated if their protectors start portraying such views. In addition, this helps the British public at large to lose their faith and trust in the

Arbitration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arbitration - Essay Example Arbitration is the submission of a complainant to an intended respondent for a settlement of a dispute. The result of the settlement will be final, binding and executive in nature between the two parties. Mediation is done before arbitration or litigation. Through mediation, both parties are tried to reconcile with each other. Mediation is done through communication between parties to settle the dispute on their own by coming up with a solution agreeable to both parties. (Arbitration & Mediation, 2008) Arbitration and mediation, according to Newhall (2008), is more private in nature rather than a court proceeding. The importance to the confidentiality of the issue is also addressed more positively through the said methods. Moreover, through arbitration and mediation, a dispute can be settled faster as compared to going through court litigation, in which cases are scheduled to be settled many days, even months, after. There are numerous arbitration and mediation associations in America with each providing its own set of rules or policies. One arbitration and mediation agency in the US is the United States Arbitration and Mediation (USA&M). USA&M has a general guideline that once its services are sought, both parties are required to comply with the requirements of the said agency such as submitting documents for evidence, appearance during investigation, testify on the credibility of evidence gathered, and others. However, rules and guidelines differ on a case-to-case basis. (USA&M Rules of Arbitration, 2008) Carmen worked for her mother for several years in their restaurant business, her mother as the restaurant manager. Despite being treated abusively by her mother, Carmen endured such treatment and worked faithfully for the restaurant. When both of her parents died, she thought that she will be made manager in exchange for her faithful service. However, her parents’ last will and testament gave the managerial position to

DQ1charwill and DQ2. DD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DQ1charwill and DQ2. DD - Essay Example When selecting dimensions of job satisfaction, it is essential to be vigilant since it may contribute to either retaining or sending away the employees. An example of a dimension is the satisfaction with the fulfillment of job. This is a sense of accomplishment that the employees seem to have possessed after using their skills maximally and it further motivates them to put more effort (Stewart, 2012). As a result, it contributes to the employees` retention. The writer portrays a good character towards the employees because in his company, individuals get challenged constantly and have the freedom of giving their opinions for the better of the company. An example of a job satisfaction dimension that does not contribute to the retention of employees is `satisfaction with a group.’ Due to the fact that most employees prefer personal work, when placed in to groups, the outcome at many times affects the company negatively because of different personality (Hellriegel, & Slocum, 2011 ). There are other additional several steps or methods that the company may employ to ensure that high-quality employees are retained. Firstly, the company can retain employees of high quality by availing favorable opportunities to them that may help them the earn more (Fannie, 2012). Another step is to appreciate the ethical practices, conducting proper communication with them and adopting an acceptable culture within the organization. In addition, job satisfaction also has other dimensions such as hygiene and motivation that also might help the company to retain the

Income Statement Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Income Statement - Case Study Example Revenue recognition is a significant issue because it is among the principles outlined under the GAAP that are to be followed when recording financial statements. In the field of accounting, the preparation of financial statements is guided by a number of principles. One of the main principles of accounting is the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). GAAP outlines a series of principles including the principle of revenue recognition. It outlines that entities should record and recognize revenue when a product has been delivered or there is the completion of a service. This includes the entity not having any regard to the timing of cash flow from the operations of the organization. For instance, if a business makes an order of one hundred compact discs from their supplier during the month of January, receives them in February and make payments in March. The wholesaler should record revenue in the month of February when he made the delivery rather than in January when a bus iness deal was established or in March when payment for delivery was received (Porter and Norton, 2009). The matching principle requires that business entities match their expenses with related revenues during the same financial period. The principle is majorly applicable in the determination of income for a specific time period. This is because the measurement of income involves the matching of revenues earned and the expenses incurred in the process of earning revenues (Norton, Diamond and Pagach, 2006). The first step in recording income for a business involves the determination of revenue which is later on followed by the deduction of the expenses incurred in earning that revenue figure. This eventually results in the determination of the net income figure. The idea behind the concept of the matching principle is that there is a cause and effect relationship between revenues and expenses. For instance, sales are as a result of the cost of goods sold expense and sales commissions . Part II Apple Inc is a US based company that specializes in the design and marketing of consumer electronics, software and personal computers. The company is one of the best performing companies in the global business market. Philips on the other hand is a Dutch company that specializes in the manufacturing of electronics. The company has emerged to be one of the strongest electronic brands in the global market. I have two financial periods for the companies including 2010 and 2009. The financial statements for Apple Inc and Philips are located under the following links: Apple Inc. http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/invsub/results/statemnt.aspx?symbol=AAPL http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/invsub/results/statemnt.aspx?lstStatement=Balance&stmtView=Qtr&symbol=US%3aAAPL http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/invsub/results/statemnt.aspx?lstStatement=CashFlow&stmtView=Ann&symbol=US%3aAAPL Philips http://www.philips.com/shared/assets/Downloadablefile/Investor/Annual_Report_Full_Eng lish_2009.pdf http://www.philips.com/shared/assets/Investor_relations/pdf/Annual_Report_English_2010.pdf Apple Inc and Philips follow the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles convention (GAAP) under their respective countries. Apple Inc prepares its financial statements on a basis that is consistent with the US GAAP whereas Philips prepares its fina

Operations management for creating competitive advantage Essay

Operations management for creating competitive advantage - Essay Example For instance, locations are first selected keeping in mind the country, then the region and lastly the site. Stakeholders, especially the shareholders are taken care of by maximizing the profits of the company and putting back profits in the betterment of the company only. Some of the recommendations that have been given are that of using mathematical techniques in choosing locations and the starting of slotting fees. The budget that will be used is to hire trained human resources and the huge costs for buying backward links that is suppliers. The innovative recommendation is that of using scent marketing. All in all, the company Tesco is practicing efficient operations management but there is always room for improvement, if they want to sustain their position of market leader. This case study is aimed at applying the theoretical side of the study of operations management to a real world company. Operations management is a very broad term and thus it incorporates within itself many various issues and activities through which an organization’s goods and services are changed and transformed from the inputs that were put to the outputs that are produced. It is about the various operations that are performed on the goods and services from the moment their production starts to the moment the customer receives it. In this report, Britain-based company Tesco has been aimed and its operations management activities have been analyzed. Recommendations on how OM activities can be improved have also been given. The report also evaluates the various financials behind the activities as well as the budget that may be required. The problem faced by Tesco is that of sustaining its market leader position. Competition from Sainsbury and other leading retail stores is a big threat for Tesco and it does not want to lose out on market share to these competitors. Thus, improving on operations management is one of the basic things that it can

Role of Creativity in Enhancing the Competitiveness of Unilever Essay

Role of Creativity in Enhancing the Competitiveness of Unilever Company - Essay Example It is the spirit of creativity that has made the company a consumer giant with billions of customers buying its products globally. Creativity Index The global competitiveness report publishes country-wide index of economic creativity that defines how countries through their firms improve their productive activities. Though the index puts most developed countries high in the list (UK is ranked 8th in the competitive list) but crucial thing is that many developing countries are adopting newer ways and technologies and they are fast catching up with developed economies. The index shows how East Asian countries have become more creative to become competitive in several manufacturing processes. That is why it is important for the developed countries to continue with their creative ways to remain competitive globally (Global Competitiveness, 2012). Competitiveness through Creativity– A Unilever Way Unilever strongly believes that creativity can make a strong impact on the organisati on and the company attempts to bring forth creativity through diversity of minds. Unilever, in one of the study to research on creative teams, conducted 100 creative sessions using a questionnaire. Researchers finally received 78 completed questionnaires that had enough information. For our understanding, the problem fields to which study was initiated can be described as per the following. Field: alternatives for product A or think about ingredients for a particular benefit. Field: thinking about next generation product or a format for a new product called Y. Field: solving technical products such as how to improve dispensing of the cream or thinking for new application using a new ingredient. Field: cultural issues such as having more fun at work. Each creative session... This essay presents one of the best examples of the analysis of creativity role in the process of modern management of a company in the globalized world of today. As shown in the essay, creativity plays an important and crucial role in developing and sustaining economic competitiveness of advanced economies. Igniting creativity across all business activities is certainly a big challenge for the management of any firm and Unilever understood the importance of creativity and that is why the company has been able to expand across most parts of the world. It is the creativity that has made the company a consumer giant with billions of customers buying its products globally. The global competitiveness report publishes country-wide index of economic creativity that defines how countries through their firms improve their productive activities. It shows, that developing countries are adopting newer ways and technologies and they are fast catching up with developed economies Unilever strongly believes that creativity can make a strong impact on the organisation and the company attempts to bring forth creativity through diversity of minds. Unilever, in one of the study to research on creative teams, conducted 100 creative sessions using a questionnaire. Creativity helps the company to enhance its competitiveness. In today’s integrated economic world, companies just cannot survive without an all-round creative approach interwoven as the basic culture in the most aspects of the business activities.

Course purshasing Essay Example for Free

Course purshasing Essay * Founded by France Dominique Mandonnaud in 1969 as a simple perfume shop. * By 1979 the company was already expanded to â€Å"several stores† * Originally, Sephora was planned to be self-service store that offers a variety of products. * Its founder Mandonnaud rebranded his combined set of stores in order to expand is market. * Mandonnaud extended its branches all over France by acquiring 8% of total French retail perfume market and was purchased by LVMH, luxury product group, for $262 million in 1997. * Sephora expanded its operations and services beyond the perfume industry and expanding its core of products to cosmetics. * Under LNMH’s ownership and opened its first U. S store in New York City in 1998 However, this presented a challenge for the company as they had a difficult time to supply the products from other prestigious brands; such as Estee Lauder and Clinique. * The Company banked on rather unknown brands to fill its shelves therefore, these relationships grew strong and eventually this fact led to the innovation and creativity of these brands to introduce new lines of products. * Sephora confronted many issues on their cosmetic line division, especially with the direct line of supply from other stores. * Bottom line, Sephora offers more than 200 brands that go from the typical classics to new and exotic brands; altogether, Sephora counts with more than 20,000 products. Among those products we could find top of line and sophisticated brands as well as not so well know products. * Sephora formed an strategic alliance with JC Penny. * Sephora. com was projected to generate 15-20% of Sephora USA sales in 2010. * Sephora. com ranked top 50 retail sites in U. S SWOT analysis Strengths * Globally distributed with more than 1000 shops worldwide * Strong parent company; LVMH * More than 20,000 products to offer. * Strong online sales * self-service approach to cosmetics * Strong emphasis on construct loyalty brand by tracking down the customers shopping habits. Weaknesses * Modest operational budget. * Low brand recognition * Lack of TV promotions and print ads. * Higher price than drugstores and supermarkets Opportunities * Enhance their customer loyalty program in order to build a â€Å"relationship† with the product consumers. * Sign contracts with famous celebrities to endorse their products. * Introduction to enter into emerging economies such as Brazil and India. Threats * Economic downturn. * Other companies in the same industry. * Amazon and other online companies that sale cosmetic, with their aggressive approach could certainly become a threat. Identification of Problem * Personnel and financial constraints needed to be addressed. * Imagination and inventiveness was greatly needed. * Budget limitation, presented a real challenge when it comes to budget allocation to different initiatives. * Outcomes assessment of social media campaigns as well as mobile applications constituted a real test to overcome. Sephora Direct Julie Bornstein took Sephora on another journey. She transforms the marketing view to a much modern and up to date campaigns. * New Budget request was introduced in order to launch a major campaign that will include social media, web site enhancement as well as the implementation of â€Å"customer relationship† campaigns. * Campaign success should be assessed thorough out Facebook â€Å"likes† and twitter followers as well as I phone application downloads. Sephora. com and Beauty Insider * Sephora. com was implement on 1999 with very imp clear short and long term goals. * Up to 25% of sales should be generated by Sephora. com by 2010. * By 2007 Sephora developed its Beauty Insider campaign. * Incentives such as 1 point for every dollar, redeem points programs are among those strategies in order to create that â€Å"relationship† with its customers Social Media Although this initiative had a rocky start, eventually become a success, Bornstein visionary initiative and her persistence, this initiate obtained 1 million product reviews posted on their web site. (Ofek, 2012). Facebook * Sephora join Facebook by 2008 in less than a year their account had close to 300,000 fans in Facebook. * Last statistics show the Sephora page with more than 900,000 Twitter * By 2010, Sephora had approx. 100,000 users. * Primarily used for current promos, contests, events, etc. * Customers used it to tweet about newly found products. You Tube * Used by Sephora to upload â€Å"How to Videos† on make-up applications; however this sharing video site could be utilized on a much more aggressive way. Cell phone applications * The rapid pace of technology forced mayor companies such as Sephora to create applications for smart phones like IPhone, Droid, Blackberry, etc. Alternatives Budget Re-distribution As stated previously the fast pace of technology constitute a real challenge not only to Sephora but to every single company. Therefore, I would like to present the following suggestions: * Cellphone applications should really receive a great attention and consequently, more financial Resources. * Pros * Instant reaching out to their customer base * Cons * Increase cost of application development fees. * Facebook, according to younger generations has become â€Å"not cool† and obviously not as attractive for younger women, therefore Sephora should look into other popular social media networks in order target new customers that eventually become loyal customers. Instagram, Pheed, thumb, Medium, etc. should be receiving at least 5% of the developmental budget for emerging social sites. * Pros * Targeting potential new buyers, young men and women that are eager to take on the world. * Cons * This target population might take some time in order to become actual customers. * Beauty Insider should remain at 20% as this constitutes the strongest campaign for Sephora when it comes to help â€Å"Sephora loyal customers†. * Pros * Continuous catering of â€Å"loyal customers† * Cons * Become obsolete if new strategies are not develop. * Retailing – print catalogs, store animations. Should receive 30% percent of their developmental budget as these tools have become obsolete for the most part. (Personal opinion) * Pros * Reduction of cost in traditional advertise. * Cons * Potential loose of mature but loyal customers. Recommendation Finally, my recommendation will be to start a comprehensive Research of outcomes in the different categories of initiates developed under Julie Bornstein leadership. Based on those findings re-restructure the entire budget and re-think some of our means to reach out to new and existing customers. We live in a fast speed life and therefore our customers are as busy as they could help. Therefore Sephora must constantly evaluate and re-design their marketing strategies in order to provide the upmost friendly user options to inform serve and sell our products and services to their consumers. Therefore I would choose the Cellphone application development to receive a greater part of the advertisement developmental budget and at the same time re-balance other line of the budgets in order to adjust the budgets accordingly to the outcomes evaluation done thorough the above suggested research.

Health Strategy in New Zealand: External Environment Factors

Health Strategy in New Zealand: External Environment Factors INTRODUCTION Health Strategy for New Zealand expresses the need to reduce health inequalities. Health consultants believe that coordinated action to reduce inequalities in health is needed. New Zealand Health Strategy provides a framework for health care, to improve the overall health of New Zealand, and the differences between the New Zealanders with a focus on Maori, Pacific peoples and compensate low-income New Zealanders. The proper functioning of the health strategy for New Zealand takes an approach to population health. This approach takes into account all factors that provides stimulus and how they are resolved to improve health care. There is a diverse combination of factors like age, sex and congenital factors contribute significantly to our health which are relatively unaffected. Recent advances in medical technology can do some genetic changes, but these advances relate to only a small part of the population. But there are other factors that disrupt our health and independence as we po ssibly loose more control. Its effect on our health can be affected by the change of social behavior, individual lifestyle factors. For example, if we smoke, exercise, how much alcohol we drink and social influences of society. Inequalities like theses in health are important public health problems. (Jefin) Public health care in community: As an operations management team in new age public hospital in central Auckland There is an increases in the cases influenza attended in new age public hospital in central Auckland. In my point of view there is an equal right for getting the health services from the hospitals to community areas. They have the right to receive all the health services from the health care professionals. Everyone should one get the treatment of qualitative care. All the preventive measures should be educated in the community areas. Health promotion, disease prevention, and treatment should give by all health professionals. Our hospital aspires to provide all the health services to community area people. Strongly health education is given to communities. Emergency services is to be provide in the remote areas. Efficient staff is to be increased .health promotion activities should be implemented. Health preventive measures should be guided to the public. Promotional activ ities will be planned and it will be implemented effectively. Some health planning programs should be implemented accurately. Generally health determinants are occurred. Many factors occur together to affect the health of the individuals or communities whether people are healthy or not and it is determined by factors. There is a less impact on health care services. Determinants of health include includes mainly are the social and economic environment, physical environment, and the persons individual characteristics and behaviors. Mainly these things determines the people’s health. Environmental determinants which affects the health are safe water and clean air, healthy work places, safe house, communities and roads contribute the good health conditions to the people. When there is an inequalities arisen in all these factors contribute the ill effects on the people’s health. In community areas safety should be educated and implemented. In work places healthy environment should be placed otherwise there is a chance to get the inequalities of health. Health education and providing health services to the community peoples reduces the inequalities and shows the lessen effects on health. Efficient health services prevents and treat the diseases influences the health. Education plays a key role in the health. Due low education levels are effect the health. This the importance about the environmental inequalities of health. (Sirisha) Part-two Five external general environmental factors affecting the organization directly are as follow : The external environment factors are those which affect the organization ability to function from outside. Customers If the hospital is providing good, satisfactory services, treatment then there will be increase in number of the customers but if we are providing expensive treatment for them ultimately the number will decrease. Government If the government is imposing high taxes on medicines, services, packaging, shipment of medicines, product development ultimately there will be increase in cost of the treatment which leads to decrease in the number of patients. Economy Likewise with most of the components of your doctors facilitys outer surroundings, your clinic must be proficient at observing the economy and figuring out how to respond to it, instead of attempting to control it. Financial variables influence how you give administrations, medications and the amount of cash you force on specific treatment, offices, and the sort of target you will pursue. Competition Your rival has a critical impact on how you work together and how you address your target market. You can decide to discover markets that the opposition is not dynamic in, or you can choose to tackle the opposition straightforwardly in the same target market. The achievement and disappointment of your different rivals likewise decides a part of your showcasing arranging, too. For instance, if a long-term rival in a specific market all of a sudden chooses to drop out because of monetary misfortunes, then you will need to modify your wanting to exploit the circumstance. Public Opinion Any sort of company outrage can be hurtful to your associations picture. People in general familiarity with your association can hurt deals its contrary, or it can help deals with constructive firm news. Your firm can impact popular assessment by utilizing advertising experts to discharge vital data, yet it is additionally critical to screen general feeling to attempt and defuse potential issues before they start to spread. (SURAJ) Organizational culture Culture of an organization will tell the personality of that organization and it is the key factor in productivity and workplace performance. All organization follows a corporate culture. The members who all are working in the organization are the main components in organizational culture and they are formulating a healthy culture for their organization .organizational culture includes its expectations, experiences, philosophy and values that they keeping from a long time. All organization follows a corporate culture but it vary from one organization to other. For example, the culture of a large profit organization is totally different than that of a hospital .Our hospital culture is totally depend on patient. Understanding security has turned into a real need to policymakers, medicinal services suppliers and administrators. Affecting a solid patient security society is crucial for advancing this idea among human services experts and managing this idea in health awareness associations. Making patient wellbeing culture a top need is dependent on having a solid and positive patient security society. A few segments of a solid patient wellbeing society incorporate open correspondence, collaboration, and recognized shared reliance. Surveying a health awareness associations patient wellbeing society is the first venture for adding to a solid and strong security society. Mirroring that, numerous worldwide accreditation associations now oblige tolerant security society evaluations to assess the view of health awareness staff on issues, for example, cooperation, moves made by administration and initiative to bolster and advance patient wellbeing, staffing issues, recurrence of episode reporting, an d other patient security society issues. Such appraisals permit human services associations to get an unmistakable perspective of territories obliging consideration regarding reinforce their patient wellbeing culture and distinguish particular difficulties identifying with patient security inside healing facility units. An enormous piece of the answer is society. You can hand guardians an agenda or strengthen the significance of hand-washing, yet unless the work environment is willing to grasp the progressions needed to viably and reliably utilize it, the exertion will probably fizzle. It is the point at which you begin taking a gander at patient wellbeing through the viewpoint of society that you acknowledge how genuinely difficult this work is. We at the Center for Innovation comprehend and have perceived how working environment demeanor encompassing wellbeing can have a significant effect on results of consideration. Security related demeanor, when measured with a legitimate, dependable device, can foresee such clinical results as clinic gained contaminations and bedsores, and additionally operational results including attendant turnover. Society doesnt change overnight, yet it does react to viable intercessions, and we at the Center for Innovation are talented at utilizing instruments both to gauge society and to enhance it. Other culture that fit in our organization Quality care Mostly the hospital are known by the care given by them to the clients. The clients are believing in the management of hospital and they are depending the hospital to cure their disease. It is the responsibility of hospital and staff that assure quality of care to the clients who depend on them. When a hospital provide better care for the patients , the patients are getting cured and there is a chance to get preference for the hospital through that the hospital can increase their economy. Patient satisfaction Hospital leaders increasingly recognize the connection between their cultures and patient satisfaction, some medical specialists and nurses have to make a strong emotional involvement with patients and better treatment and care will create satisfaction on patients and they put some belief on them. So the health professionals should be in the path of patient centric. (Jefin) External environment Factors are as follow: Rise of sophisticated consumers: the clients and suppliers utilize bargaining position for organization’s price, quality and efficiency. Nowadays patient can get information easily from internet. Accrediting bodies: like Phil health, HMO’s and International Accreditation like Joint Commission International play a big role in public accountability which ultimately increases competition in health care delivery. Challenging evolution in healthcare delivery: change in the boundaries like surgeries done in outpatient settings, homecare, health and internet, satellite clinics and laboratories in the mall. Technological Changes: IT and Molecular biology are utilized to improve the laboratory diagnosis and reduce the cost of treatment. Research and Development: New tools and knowledge are generated which are helpful for healthcare consumers. Government policy changes and regulatory influences External Communications: The way the hospital staff member or doctors behave with the patients, treatment, services affect directly. If the services, treatment is good more customer will be there which increase the profit. Infrastructure: If the hospital is at good location with good services there will be more interaction with the peoples and will have good profits. (SURAJ) POWER Power makes the world better .Power plays a vital role in the organization to get a better outcome .It develops our career and future .Normally power depending on the person and how the power is used by him ., Power has some pros and corns while in the using..Of course if we have more power we need to handle carefully. Everyone has a power. It will help us to make a right decision and solve the problem which is normally we are facing in the day to day life.. The five types of social power are following. LEGITIMATE POWER. This is the positional power and that is given to a person based up on their position in the organization. It is given by the authority of the organization We can not afford this power simply ,by getting this power we need to increase our personal power like referent and expert power .Legitimate power is the formal authority to control and use the resources available in the organization. COERCIVE POWER In this power the employees will obey the leader in order to avoid punishments., because they believe that they are under controlled by the leader. EXPERT POWER Expert power is influences getting from as a result of expertise. Or any special skill , or knowledge from a person .For example ,when we have the more complicated work ,we normally dependent on experts to finish our goals, as a result of their special knowledge or a skill on particular task. REWARD POWER In reward power the employees will comply the leader, because it produces positive benefits for them and this power encourage the employees to meet their work goals. REFERENT POWER In this power the employees will act accordance with leader because the employees admires or agree the with the leader who has desirable resources or personal skills .For example, if the employee respect the leader ,and like him all the way. So the leader can exercise power over the employee ,because the employee need to please him. I would like to select the legitimate power from the five source of power available in the organization why because of, the professionalism . in that the employees know who is the leader in my hospital and I can tell employees as a leader how they can reach the goals .Also I have the authority to control employees and the power to use the organizational tools based on my position in the hospital. With my legitimate power, I can make a two main principal strategies to control the outbreak of influenza, such as therapeutic counter measures and public health interventions .In hospital according to the availability of the stock I can ordered to the staff to give some vaccines and antiviral medications to the patients who is suffering from influenza and look after their health by providing some preventive measures to protect them from the infection. And another strategies for the public is infection control , and some social separation to prevent the spreading of the infection and also offer some anti-viral treatments for who is suffering with infections. As a leader should identify essential functions and assign responsibilities for the staff and re assign staff to support the urgent functions as needed during the time of epidemic .Ensure the list of expert staff to perform critical functions is regularly updated before the epidemic outbreak. THE GOOD AND BAD POLITICAL ASPECTS IN AN ORGANIZATION. There are many definitions for the organizational politics butIthinkit is all about organizational power; how we can get it and; how we use it to influence the employees while implementing our own agenda. There are some good and bad political aspects affecting our organization. The positive side of the organizational politics such as organizational flexibility, promotion of multiple perspectives, meritocracy, change of the facilities and implementation of the decision. While in use of politics we can improve the speed of influence and flexibility of our organization. Politics can help to sort out the issues in the organization. Politics can be used for improving the changes that is blocked by the normal influences and also it will help to implement the new decision. Whereas the negative political aspects affecting our organization are Inequality, discrimination and unfairness, distorted decision making, ignore interest of stake holders, inefficiency and time wasting and unequal power distribution. Political activity in our organization tends to form a groups and out groups and there is a chance to ignore the interest of the minor group. Due to political influences the decision strateg y can be lessened. Some individuals or groups can play or show their maximum power in the organization due to politics while others stake holder’s power are ignored. Power corrupts once tasted there is a chance to repeat. The use of political behavior create a taste of power and some times which can lead to a one direction. Bad politics is always spend more time in extensive lobbying and making a relationships which is not necessary for the organization. References: Promoting public health and wellbeing in your community, (2010).retrieved from www.pha.org.nz//How-to-promote-public-health-in-your-community. https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/publications/reducineqal.pdf George N. Root III, Demand Media. Five Components of an Organizations External Environment. Retrieved on April 2, 2015, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/five-components-organizations-external-environment-17634.html Linda Ray, Demand Media. Seven External Factors of Business. Retrieved on April 2, 2015, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/seven-external-factors-business-21960.html Jennifer Malabrigo. Strategic Management Paper Hospital industry analysis. Retrieved on April 2, 2015, from http://www.slideshare.net/ironswordlady/hospital-industry-analysis-by-jenny-malabrigo UNHCR The UN Refugee Agency.(2011). Epidemic Preparedness and Response in Refugee Camp Settings :Guidance for Public Health Officers. Retrieved on March 28,2015, from http://www.unhcr.org/4f707f509.pdf McAlpin,K,Maurik,J.V., (2012) .Organizational Politics. Retrieved on March 28,2015, from http://www.performancecoachinginternational.com/resources/articles/organisationalpolitics.php WasielewskI , J .(2014, November 12). The 5 sources of power in an organization. . Retrieved on March 28,2015, from http://blog.clickmeeting.com/5-sources-power-organization Merchant, P.(2005). 5 Sources of power in an organization. Retried on March 27,2015, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/5-sources-power-organizations-14467.html

Slavery: A Building Block in the Foundation of Americas History Essay

Slavery was present preceding the European discovery of the Americas. It was limited to the conquered people of the indigenous nations and it was not widespread. This situation changed with the arrival of Europeans, as they possessed modern weapons with which they were able to overtake the most formidable segments of native tribes. Sickness introduced to the indigenous tribes by the Europeans reduced the enslaved population to the point that new workers were needed. A slave trade was brought into existence by this need. Slaves were still gathered from indigenous tribes, but they were supplemented with African slaves brought by ship. These events helped to forge the Americas into the prosperous cultures they eventually became. Slavery influenced culture during the revolutionary period with the beginnings of racism, this culture change initiated lawmaking concerning race, which started with the first emancipation around 1780. How these two topics were molded until the 1850's, and have remained present in the modern era of our lives will be proven in the following essay. The word racism is a term used to describe the believed differences between people of different colors, because of traits, morals, or intellectual prowess. These perceived differences cause a racist person to treat a person of color in ways that would be unaccepted by most people in their own race. [1] This practice, racism, was initiated in the 17th century to promote or justify the use of slaves in what was to become the United States. Racism is justified by many means including the bible, science, and hypothetical theories. A widespread religious following in the Americas became the basis for acceptance of racism using the bible for justification. It ran into... ...hudacoff, Fredrik Logevall, Beth Bailey, and Debra Michals. A People & A Nation: A history of The United States and A More Perfect Union. Mason, Ohio: Cengage Learning, 2010. [3]. Goldenberg, Amy Production Editor. RACE Are We So Different?. Arlington, VA: American Anthropological Association , 2010. http://www.understandingrace.org/history/gov/expan_slavery.html. (accessed March 20, 2012). [4]. Valbrun, Marjorie. "Rewriting the Script Won’t Change the Facts in the Trayvon Martin Case." Slate.com. April 2, 2012. Accessed April 12, 2012. http://www.slate.com/blogs/xx_factor/2012/04/02/trayvon_martin_zimmerman_s_black_friend_and_hispanic_defenses_won_t_work_.html. [5]. Olafson, Steve. "Tulsa Shootings Evoke City's past Racial Violence." Reuters News Service. Accessed April 10, 2012. http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/04/11/us-usa-crime-tulsa-idUSBRE83A02J20120411.

A Website Analysis on the Reformation of Marijuana Laws Essay -- Inter

A Website Analysis on the Reformation of Marijuana Laws NORML, or the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, founded in 1970, is a non profit, public interest advocacy group which fights for those Americans who oppose marijuana prohibition and want an end to arresting responsible marijuana smokers. In its website, the organization states that its mission is to â€Å"move public opinion sufficiently to achieve the repeal of marijuana prohibition so that the responsible use of cannabis by adults is no longer subject to penalty† (NORML website). Cannabis, the scientific term for the plant which the marijuana leaf is grown on, is used throughout the site. NORML, the oldest and largest marijuana legalization organization in the country, supports the idea of a legal marijuana market, and removal of all criminal penalties for the private possession and responsible use of marijuana by responsible adults. Through their website, NORML hopes to inform people who are interested in helping their cause to lear n more about them, and to keep organization members connected to what is happening in other chapters and around the world. A similar website is the organization, Efficacy’s site. Efficacy is a Connecticut-based, non-profit organization advocating peaceful ways to respond to social problems. The site is very effective in attracting people’s attention through colors and quick, interesting facts. It does this by having a bar on the top of the screen that change every couple of seconds, with facts such as, â€Å"The US imprisons more of its own people than any other country in the world,† and â€Å"the drug war has been Americas longest war†(Efficacy-Online). Beyond this, the first headline on the ... ...look at from an analytical stand point because of the contrasting views that people generally have drilled into their heads since a young age. Before looking at the NORML web site, I did not know that there was a site such as NORML that was professionally run, and politically active. Although Efficacy is not presented as professionally, I feel that the site reaches a person like me much easier. The site reaches for a much broader audience, and interesting facts kept me attention. This is a good example of a large group looking for change which splits into smaller groups, and will be able to gain an even larger audience than if they were in one group. NORML will get the attention of people in power, and while they may not be taken too seriously because of their extreme views, they will pave the way for more moderate groups like Efficacy to create social change.

Sociology Concepts :: Sociology Essays

1. Social action is defined as day to day decisions and actions of individuals within the social world. Social actions both influence and are patterned and influenced by social structure. According to Marx’s theory, in order for the potential of social action occurring to take place a society must face resistance and revolution. According to Marx’s theory societies are already divided into two main groups, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie are the upper class who are owners of capital and exploiters of labor, while the proletariat, or lower class, are the blue collar workers who use their hands or a certain skill to perform some sort of labor. The proletariat usually work and answer to the bourgeoisie. Marx’s theory states that a critical element of society is social control and that the social structure is based on the oppression of some people by others. According to Marx’s theory the class you are born in is very likely going to be t he class you die in. Furthermore, the class that your great grandparents belonged to is more or less going to be the class that your great grandchildren will belong to. Moving from class to class is very rare and is very difficult to accomplish. The only way for class movement is through resistance and or revolution. According to Marx’s theory the potential for resistance and revolution is present in all social situations because the less powerful can always, and are very likely to, act against the status quo. Due to the fact that the social structure is so well defined the only way to have any sort of social action is through some sort of radical means. Looking back on history at times where there were two very distinct class structures the only way that the social structure changed was through revolution. For example, the Civil War. Though the Civil War was not fought solely over slavery, slavery was a big issue. The only way the distinct class differences between slaves an d slave owners could come to an end was through war and revolution. Without radical resistance and revolution the class structure would have never changed and social action would have never occurred. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Social research is never a routine matter. There are so many different variables involved in each study that the same study could be done over and over and the response would differ slightly each and every time.

Governments and Intergovernmental Relationship

Each state consists of a state government as well as local governments. In order for a state to be a well-oiled machine the two must work together to insure it is running well. In some instances the State will mandate rules and regulations that govern the whole state such as the drinking age or State highway speed limits. Other times local cities will determine what is best for their city. You might have county that is a dry county, and the county next to it allows drinking. One example of how all the local governments work together for the good of the State would be the issue on water.Water is a major issue for a lot of states that face major droughts throughout the summer months and even into the winter months. One such state that seems to have some type of drought issue every year is the great state of Colorado. Currently Colorado according to The U.S Drought Monitor have drought issues ranging from exceptional which is very high, to abnormally dry as being more normal, but still falling under drought guidelines.The Governor in 2011 called for the development of a statewide water plan for the whole state in the next five years. Many different agency in Colorado are working together to come up with a solution to the drought problem The Colorado River Cooperative Agreement was set up to bring together both the Denver Water, the West Slope and soon to follow the Northern Water Conservancy district to work together to insure the Colorado continues to have an ample amount of water.Now that the State has recognized that drought is an issue they want every city to get on board to find a solution to this problem.Part of the plan that the state has taken to combat the drought problem is to have each city monitor their lakes and rivers and put registrations on how many times a week people can water. This year certain cities had to put  restrictions on watering days as they did not thing they had enough water. Fort Collins, Colorado put a restriction in early spring that allowed only three days a week of watering. Shortly after that the restrictions were lifted, but some cities still have some type of restriction in place. They also left some restriction on town along the foothill so that more water was able to reach the Eastern slopes where much of the states agriculture is grown.The advantage of the state and local governments working together is that it benefits everyone in the state. It also takes the burden off the agriculture industry when they restrict homes from water so much and give more to the farmers. If the state and local governments did not work together we would all but see the decimation of the farms out east as well as some town in the south. Colorado has shown other states that if the many governments can work together as one, they can insure a better quality of life for their citizens.

Analyse the Ethos of Partnership with Parents Essay

The relationship between parent and practitioner or the service that they are working within is crucial to the effective outcome for all those concerned. It now seems impossible in modern Britain to imagine developing any kind of relationship with a child without taking into account the wider family and the impact it has on that child. Given that this is the case it is essential to understand the nature of that relationship and although there can be many types, the most effective parent-practitioner relationship is a partnership. Ideally, this would be defined by mutual participation, shared power, involving the expertise of both partners, with agreement about aims and process, negotiation, mutual respect and trust, and open and honest communication. In caring for someone else’s child, we inevitably work within an ‘emotional framework’ (BOVE 2001) and need to ensure that the ‘equivalent expertise’ of parents is fully recognised. Although the idea of partnership is widely accepted in current service policy, its meaning is rarely fully understood. Dictionary’s provide a range of meanings from â€Å"a person who takes part with another in doing something† to â€Å"an accomplice† but a parent- practitioner partnership has to be one in which both parties work closely together with active participation and involvement as opposed to the professional working on (e. g. treating) the parent. A fitting definition of partnership working that sits with this ethos is: ‘†¦. cross sector alliance in which individuals, groups or organisations agree to: work together to fulfil an obligation or undertake a specific task; share the risks as well as the benefits; and review the relationship regularly, revising their agreement as necessary. ’ (Quoted in Partnership made painless – a joined-up guide to working together, Harrison R et al, Russell House Publishing, 2003) In education, the idea of a partnership between parents and practitioners has been around for many years. In the late 1970s the Warnock Report reviewed provision for children with special educational needs in England and Wales. The report contained an influential chapter entitled ‘Parents as partners’ (CEEHCYP, 1978). In 2003 the government published a green paper called Every Child Matters (ECM). This started a big debate about services for children, young people and families. There was a wide consultation with people working in children’s services, and with parents, children and young people. The organisations involved with providing services to children and young people – from hospitals and schools to police and voluntary groups – began to team up in new ways, sharing information and working together to protect children and young people from harm. Following the consultation, the government published Every child matters: the next steps, and passed the Children Act 2004, providing the legal framework for developing more effective and accessible services focused around the needs of children, young people and families. In November 2004, Every child matters: change for children was published. This outlines the way local programmes for children, young people and families should be developed. Every Child Matters emphasises a vision for working with families that puts outcomes for children and young people first. It stated that working together as a partnership had a positive effect on parenting. For example, more self-confident adults are likely to be more self-confident parents. Together from the start, guidance published in 2003, on which the Early Support programme is based, said: ‘Parents have rights and responsibilities in relation to the development and care of their child. Professionals have a duty to acknowledge and understand the unique role and relationship each parent has with their child. ‘ This focus is shared by many other and more wide-ranging policy initiatives. The Children’s Plan, Building brighter futures, which sets out a ten-year Government agenda from 2007, identifies partnership with parents as its ‘unifying theme’. A partnership needs to respect the special knowledge that each partner brings to the relationship. Parents are the experts on their own children and when a partnership is built upon the well-being and the rights of all concerned and share common goals and shows mutual respect for differing roles and opinions, then children,parents and practitioners will all benefit. There are a number of basic principles of partnership as defined in the Quality in Diversity in Early Learning (Early Education Forum 1998). Below is a brief summary of these principles and how they can be achieved within a setting or any relationship: * Respect children/adults as individuals regardless of ability, disability, race and religion. Encourage individuals to bring in items from home to inform groups/practitioners about their culture or every day experiences. Personalised transition stages. * Respect cultural differences and beliefs in raising a child and explore these with open and sensitive dialogue. Speak to the parents about their belief systems and how they differ, explore ideas that may not be apparent to them. Self-education regarding differing cultures. * Have a willingness to relate to children and their parents in diverse ways and to share the responsibility of the relationship Home/school agreements. ‘Family plan’ booklets. Agreed aims and objectives and clear outcome indicators. * Respect parents in their decisions. Set up good communication methods ie. communication book. Set up parent councils for settings. Regular feed back questionnaires. * Commit to communicate regularly and in as many languages as needed. Translators. Literature in differing languages. Parent notice boards. Newsletters. * Commit to listen to parental views and take their concerns into account Regular meetings and open communication. Feedback questionnaires. Parent days. * Clear communication about the ways in which parents can contribute to their child’s education and improve the quality of the setting at home as well as outside. Offering parenting groups (i. e. PEEP) Parenting courses (i. e. literature and numeracy) * Clear communication channels between parent and practitioner to share knowledge. Communication book, being approachable and listening. Acting on the parents suggestion. Discussing aims and outcomes. * Clear procedures to support parents becoming involved in the management and day to day life of their children in various settings. Home/school agreements. Parent consultation days. Parent workshops. Open access. Partnership is not a relationship that can develop quickly and naturally; it requires time, effort and skill. It also follows that an effective partnership may not be possible in all cases or at all times; it depends upon what the participants bring to the situation, and some may not want or be able to work with others in this way. The better the partnership between the parent and practitioner the easier it will become to achieve agreed outcomes. Parents will be more in control and motivated and will understand what is expected of them in their role as partner. In sharing the process the parent will feel more empowered and is more likely to draw on lessons learnt in times of future difficulty. Their trust of professionals will also be reinforced and they are more likely to ask for help in other aspects of their lives.

Fireworks poem Essay

Fireworks – a device containing chemicals that create a splendid explosion when lighted. That’s the first definition that comes to mind when the word ‘fireworks’ is mentioned. However, in the dictionary, it states that there is also a figurative meaning for fireworks, which is ‘an outburst of anger or other emotions’. In Amy Lowell’s poem, â€Å"Fireworks†, she uses the noun definition of fireworks to express the figurative meaning of fireworks. Throughout the poem, Amy reveals how much she hates this person by using descriptive words to describe the spectacular explosions caused by fireworks. Thus, the main idea of the poem is anger or strong feeling of hostility. â€Å"Fireworks† is an example of a lyrical poem because the poem rhymes and it has a regular and continuous rhyme scheme, which is – AA, AABB, AABB, AA, AABB, AABB, and AA. A lyrical poem also shows emotions and imagination. In this poem, the poet showed emotions by the lines that stated, â€Å"You hate me and I hate you†. The poem also showed imagination because Amy used the noun meaning of fireworks to demonstrate the figurative meaning of fireworks. However, this poem has an irregular meter because each line has a different number of syllables. Also, there isn’t a pattern in the stressed and unstressed words. This poem also didn’t have any onomatopoeias, consonances and assonances. The poem is written in seven stanzas, which includes four regular quatrains and three regular couplets. The first stanza is a couplet that tells the reader the poet hates this person and the person hates the poet too. It also states that they are both polite about it. The second and third stanzas (quatrains) describe to the reader what happens when the poet sees her enemy. The poet’s anger is expressed though vivid fireworks. The fourth stanza (a couplet) again tells the reader the poet hates her enemy. The fifth and sixth stanzas (quatrains) inform the reader what happens when the poet’s enemy sees the poet. Again, this frustration of the enemy is reveal through descriptive fireworks. The last stanza (a couplet) talks about the anger the two creates and the first line of the poem is re-stated again. In this poem, Amy uses a lot of descriptive words to describe the fireworks. The strong descriptive words create a vivid image of fireworks inside the reader’s head. Amy also chooses to use words like â€Å"mauve† and â€Å"azure† instead of just saying â€Å"purple† and â€Å"blue†. The imagery pictures she created were – spits and sparkles in stars and balls, buds into roses and flares and falls, scarlet buttons, pale green disks, silver  spirals and asterisks, shoot and tremble in a mist, peppered with mauve and amethyst, saffron cubes, crimson moons, wheels all amaranths and maroons, golden lozenges and spades, arrows of malachite’s and jades, patens of copper, azure sheaves, glossy leaves. The words Amy used in this poem were carefully chosen to create such detailed pictures. â€Å"Fireworks† include many literary terms. As said in the pervious paragraph, this poem has a lot of imagery. The whole poem can also be referred to a metaphor because throughout the poem, it compares anger to fireworks without using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’. In addition, there is alliteration in the poem. In the second stanza, the third line, it says, â€Å"In spits and sparkles in stars and balls†. There was a repetition of initial sounds in the three words ‘spits’, ‘sparkles’ and ‘stars’. Also, the second stanza, first line and the last two words â€Å"burst apart† can be an example of a connotative diction because the dictionary meaning means to break apart but it can also mean to get very angry. This can also be an example of a hyperbole because it is an exaggeration of how angry the poet must be feeling. The fifth stanza, first line and the last two words can also be a connotative diction because the dictionary meaning is ‘to tear apart’ but in this case, it means to be furious. This can also be a hyperbole too because it exaggerates anger the poet’s enemy feels. The last example of a connotative diction is the second stanza, second line and the last two words, which is, â€Å"blazing heart†. The dictionary meaning is ‘a burning heart’ but can also mean a strong feeling of hostility. The last literary term found is a symbol. The last stanza and the second line states, â€Å"Such fireworks as we make, we two!† The word ‘fireworks’ in this line doesn’t mean fireworks (a device containing chemicals that cause a splendid explosion) but instead meaning the problems and furious agreements the poet and her enemy create. Each of the devices the poet used is very important to the poem. The first and most obvious device the poet used was imagery. The poet used many descriptive words that created and showed the readers how the fireworks actually looked like. The main idea of the poem is expressing anger though fireworks so it is very important to show the readers how each of the fireworks look like. Another device used was the hyperbole. Using a hyperbole exaggerates a word or phrase and can emphases how much the poet hates her enemy and the other  way around. Connotative dictions are also important in this poem because they show how the poet and her enemy feel. Last but not least, the metaphor throughout the whole poem is the most significant device used because it compares the poet and her enemy’s frustration of each other through fireworks. In conclusion, this poem is using the noun definition of fireworks to express the figurative meaning of fireworks. The poem is about the poet hating her enemy and the enemy hating the poet. Throughout the whole poem, their anger towards each other is expressed in the form of fireworks. Therefore, the main idea of this poem is anger or a strong feeling of hostility.

Food for Thought Essay

The well known expression, you are what you eat, is even more true as we get on in years. If we had eaten the food that was good for us in our younger years, the chances of staying healthy longer will improve as we get older. Also, the likelihood of maintaining a high quality of life throughout our senior years increases. Reading nutrition columns in newspapers and magazines or from other media sources is a good way to keep updated of current food and health related discoveries. How can we be able to estimate and gauge the truthfulness of scientific studies about food? Linda Kulman gives us good advice about how to do just that in her article, Food News Can Get You Dizzy, So Know What to Swallow. I believe that for a person to be able to make healthy dietary choices a person needs to be educated as to the credibility of healthy dietary options. Primarily, to achieve and maintain good health, food from all the major food groups should be eaten in proper proportion and regularly. Therefore, no one food is able to maintain good health when eaten alone. For instance, â€Å"No foods are so good that if you ate them to the exclusion of all else, you would be healthy,† says M. R. C. Greenwood, a biologist and chancellor of the University of California-Santa Cruz (Kulman, 2012, p. 141). Making the correct dietary choices was, and continues to be a difficult one. Confusion can turn to frustration when many reports and studies contradict each others findings. Canada’s Food Guide to Healthy Eating will give us the basics on what constitutes a healthy diet. The food guide basically recommends to eat in moderation and to eat a large variety of foods. The flip-flops of nutritional recommendations by the scientific community are causing bewilderment with many people who are trying to achieve and maintain a good healthy diet. Furthermore, the tale of fiber and its claimed shielding effect against colon cancer show how uncertain science can lead to confusion. Fiber helps food go through the digestive track faster, reducing the time carcinogens make contact with your intestinal walls. Studies of high fiber eating population and experiments with mice and rats resulted in giving the fiber hypothesis some credibility. Even though the evidence for higher fiber consumption reducing cancer risk remained uncertain, in 1984 the American Cancer Society made its first specific recommendation to eat fiber to help prevent colon cancer. Researchers with the Nurses Health Study in Boston tracked the diets and health of more than 88,000 American female nurses since 1980 and found that nurses who ate about 30 grams of fiber a day got colorectal cancer just as often as the average American, who consumes just 13 grams (Kulman, 2012, p. 143). Two additional study results showed that eating more fiber does not reduce the risk of getting colon cancer. These studies show that there was no significant difference of colon cancer risk between man and women. Researchers continue to suspect that whole fruits and vegetables as well as whole grains are protective against colon cancer. In conclusion, the fiber story is an example of how reporting results of scientific food studies while the studies are incomplete, can lead to many people becoming discouraged from believing future reported food study findings. Usually the cause of such distortions is the incompatibility between the needs of science and those of the News Media. â€Å"The way a lab finding makes its way to the headlines is like a conveyor belt,† explains the Statistical Assessment Service’s Murray. â€Å"At each step there is a potential distortion. Where science is contingent and unfinished, journalists want something definitive (Kulman, 2012, p. 143). The most frequent complaints about news reports is that they tend to leave out information that would help readers decide how seriously to take a new finding. The News Media should not be the only one to take the blame for the reporting of incorrect information about study findings. Scientist can get very enthusiastic when reporting their findings to the News Media and can easily be misinterpreted as to the significance of their findings. Scientists are often motivated to embellish their claims to get greater attention and more research funding. This is an unfortunately situation for those of us attempting to make an informed choice for a healthy diet.

Patient Autonomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Patient Autonomy - Essay Example It is not mere desiring but evaluation and weighing of alternatives by a person and selection based on her priorities. There are many ways we can discuss patient's autonomy. Discussion on medical confidentially usually focus on tension between physician's responsibility to keep patients secret and a physician 's legal and moral duty, on occasion, to reveal such confidences to their parties, such as families, employer, public health authorities, or police authorities. Confidentially serves as dual purpose. Firstly, it acknowledges respect of patient's privacy. Patient's most personal physical and psychological secrets are kept confidential to decrease sense of shame and vulnerability. Secondly, it is important in improving healthcare. Promise of confidentially permits people to trust and thus patient are encouraged to communicate honestly and forth rightly with their doctors, which is most important for their treatment. According to Siegler (597) challenges to confidentially arise because of patient's personal interest in maintaing confidentially come into conflict with his personal interest in receiving best health care. Modern high technology health care is available principally in hospitals which require many trained and socialized workers. And thus in order to provide best health care patient's medical records need to reveal to these workers. Again these treatments are very costly and can be afforded by few patients only. So it becomes essential to grant access to patients medical records to persons who are responsible for obtaining third party payment like chart viewers, financial officers, insurances advisor and quality care assessors. Siegler suggests some possible solutions to confidentiality. Those are: 1. In all nonbureaucratic, noninstitutional counters care should be taken to guaranty safety and confidentiality of patient's records. 2. Access to patient's records should be provided to only "need to know" persons. At some point most of patients should be given opportunity to review their medical records and make choices about which records to make available to everyone. This can be done by dividing entire records in different sections like medical and financial section. So only health professionals have access to medical information. But again keeping all records different leads to complexity in analyzing patient's problems. Thus Author want to tell that principle of medical confidentiality described in medical codes of ethics no longer exists. And by devoting attention to determine aspects of confidentiality worth retaining, public and profession can be better served. Truth- telling Should patients know the truth Is a very difficulty question that confront physician. According to Collins (605) telling the whole truth is often to perpetrate a cruelty of which many are incapable. This is particularly true of physician and if not they soon learns that art of medicine consist largely in skillfully mixing falsehood, and truth in order to provide patient with an amalgam which will make the metal of life wear and keep men from being poor shrunken things, full of melancholy and indisposition, unpleasing to themselves and to those who love them. Based on experiences Collins (609) conclude that the patients do not want to know the truth about their maladies and that it is prejudicial to their well being to know it. No one can

Myths about Grammar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Myths about Grammar - Essay Example The structures are not to be taught to the learners, they will acquire them on their own and if they are to be taught then the lessons are expected to be boring. They will be boring because the students will be required to repeat the different models in grammar (Chomsky, 136). Such teaching activities can be boring. This makes it more questionable. However there are different approaches that are communicative and proficiency based that limit the grammar instructions. There are several grammar claims that should be called grammar myths. There is a myth about split infinitives. You might have heard people saying that you are not supposed to use split infinitives. It is one of the many grammar myths that have been contradicting people for quite a long time. It all started with the Latin writers. (Bryan, 270) How the myth of split infinitives began Not to split infinitives is a notion that is mistaken. Latin was a, model in good writing in the 1800s and different writers tried to make English fit in Latin language. The attempt was unrealistic since the Latin infinitive is always one word and there is no way that it can be split. On the contrary, the infinitive has to be split in the English language (House, 54). No matter how awkward and unattractive the split infinitive is, it is never wrong to use them. There is nothing desirable about split infinitives, but according to H.W Fowler he says that when it comes to real ambiguity, then split infinitives are quite useful (Fowler, 768) .Always feel free to use the split infinitives whenever necessary even when it is a clumsy version. An example of a sentence with a split infinitive is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  We wanted to immediately leave for the airport†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. This splits an infinitive and is definitely not the right one to use. The other example is â€Å"The committee plans to le gally ban franc disclosures† (LaRocque 61) .This sentence makes it clear that it is necessary to use a split infinitive. A split infinitive A split infinitive is a word that comes in between the particle â€Å"to and the verb. An example of a split infinitive word is â€Å"to go boldly† (Wardhaugh 69) it might seem wrong but then it is not. Split infinitives have been a great controversy among the teachers and the grammar people, but the notion that it is a grammatical myth is a mistake. Henry Fowler the writer of the book Modern English Usage stated that these as superstitions .It is a superstition that has never been legit and different English writers have always been splitting the infinitives ever since the 1300s. The blame has always been put on Henry Alford a Latinist and used to be the Dean of Canterbury in the 19th century. Alford published a book, A Plea for the Queen’s English in 1864 where he declared that â€Å"To† was an inseparable infinitiv e. He probably was influenced by the Latin grammar that infinitive is one word and it can never be split. Like you should not put the word,† Boldly† between an infinitive phrases â€Å"To go-as in â€Å"to boldly go’. This was false. (Alford 171) In the early 20th century the highly respected English writers Henry Fowler, George 0.Curme and many more started explaining that the split infinitive is preferable and accepted. Besides it is hard to split an infinitive, since the particle â€Å"To† is simply a prepositional marker and not part of the infinitive. At times it s never needed. An example like â€Å"She helped me to read† the particle ‘To’ can be dropped. But then because of the grammar myths that still live on, then it becomes difficult for one to drop it. That could explain why it is still in use and considered grammatically correct (Harris, Bruce

Defining The Clinical Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Defining The Clinical Question - Essay Example Some studies have shown that education given to patients may be insufficient. Noncompliance with medication, diet, or symptom monitoring caused 15-64% of hospital readmissions. One way to combat these barriers is to design advanced practice nurse led heart failure clinics for outpatient management of heartfailure . Many studies have shown that heart failure clinics designed with advanced practice nurse post hospital follow-up improved patient education and compliance thus decreasing hospital readmissions (Paul 2008). The types of heart failure patient typically followed in advanced practice nurse led clinics are New York Heart Association Classifications II-IV. These patients were classified based on either echocardiography or radiography evidence of pulmonary congestion or signs or symptoms of heart failure. Background Despite advancements in the management of this debilitating condition, such as introduction of beta blockers, aldosterone antagonist, and angiotensin receptor blocker s mortality and morbidity among heart failure patients remain high. Generally 25-50% of hospitalized patients will be readmitted within 6 months of discharge (Gustafsson, Schou et al. 2009). The most cited incidents for readmissions are noncompliance with drug therapy, poor compliance with dietary restrictions, fluid restrictions, and inadequate medical therapy (Paul 2008). Thus, it appears that the readmission and mortality rates of heart failure patients maybe the result of less than optimal approach by the patient and provider. In terms of mortality the Framingham Study showed that once patient was diagnosed with heart failure the 6 year mortality was 85% for men and 67% for women . Heart failure puts a significant health and financial burden on patient’s families and society. Estimated cost of heart failure in the US is over $35 million according to the American Heart Association. As we all know the incidence of heart failure increases with age. According to the center fo r disease control 70% of the people over the age of 60 have heart failure and the number is expected to rise (Ferguson 2008) . For instance in 2000 approximately 12.7% of the American population was 65 years of age or older. It is estimated in 2020 this number will rise to 16.5%. In an effort to reduce 30 day readmissions, mortality, and overall cost a growing number of hospitals and medical groups are forming evidenced based heart failure clinics to combat this epic problem. The population to be evaluated in this project are patient diagnosed with heart failure with either systolic or diastolic impairment that have recently been hospitalized, The purposed intervention is one week follow up post discharge in a nurse practitioner led heart failure clinic. The patients will then be monitored by nurse practitioner and MD . A comparison will then be made to those patients followed by an MD only . The outcome that is proposed is that patients followed in a nurse practitioner and MD colla borative heart failure clinic will have a decrease in 30 day readmission rates to the hospital . Clinical Question Does the addition of a nurse practitioner to a heart failure clinic reduce 30 day readmission rates for heart failure patients? Keywords: A medline search was conducted using the terms â€Å"

The Gap (Gap Inc.), an international retailer company Essay

The Gap (Gap Inc.), an international retailer company - Essay Example Local Network with certain recommendations that may help other companies and organizations to achieve better compliance with the following important principles of the Global Compact: Principle 1: Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights (UN Global Compact 2011). Principle 2: undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility (UN Global Compact 2011). We believe our experience designing and implementing numerous CSR programs can be considered reliable, because Gap Inc. owns more than 3,100 stores worldwide and employs more than 150,000 people from all over the world, all of which are actively engaged in the Gap’s efforts to support human rights and environmental protection (Wright 2007). Having tries many approaches to supporting human rights and protecting the environment, we have come up with several strategies that help us to be a sustainable and responsible company, whose operations benefit all of the stakeholders. Lessons Learnt Gap Inc. has been continuously devoting much time and attention to promoting human rights protection programs. In particular, we are promoting diversity in every sphere of our operations. â€Å"Diversity is the rich variety reflected in our work environment and marketplace – including ethnicity, race, gender, age, sexual orientation, faith, culture and global experiences†.... Human Rights Policy 2010). Nevertheless, we have had some negative experience. Workers of our supplier factory made claims of labor abuses and offensive attitudes from the side of their management (Smith, Ansett, and Erez 2011). For that reason we had to invest millions of dollars into making sure that employees of our supply chain were treated with respect and dignity (Amazeen, Michelle 2011). As for protecting the natural environment of our planet, we are members of Business for Innovative Climate and Energy Policy (BICEP) (Environment 2011). As the members of BICEP we take a great care of design and development policies, strategies and procedures related to protecting our world in terms of working with clean energy and approaching the climate change challenges (Environment – Public Policy 2011) At the same time, we have watched the negative experience of one of our suppliers, the mountain kingdom of Lesotho. In 2009 this company was reported to pour unused and toxic mat erials into local rivers (Smith, Ansett, and Erez 2011). This shows that the organization does not give much care to the environmental constraints facing the global society. Recommendations On the basis of both positive and negative lessons learnt from past experience, Gap Inc. would like to draw the attention of the Local Networks to the outlined below recommendations. We believe the presented here measures will significantly improve positions of companies both financially, though increased customer loyalty, and socially, through improved corporate image and identity. Develop a standardized set of guidelines for business and organizations to follow in order to

Provide an in-depth analysis of the Gong Lum v. Rice case Study

Provide an in-depth analysis of the Gong Lum v. Rice - Case Study Example Bayor asserts that Lum was denied a chance at Rosedale Consolidated High School because of her Chinese descent (45). This was in favor of the White students, who were allowed in this high school. The defendants in the case were responsible for her racial exclusion from the learning institution. The defendant included the Mississippi state superintendent, the board of trustees of the school, and Rice. The petitioners of the case indicate that there was no school that catered for the students of Chinese descent. The constitution of Mississippi stipulates that a common school fund should be available in every county to cater for the student needs. The fund ought to constitute of the taxation obtained from the public contributions and the apportionments from the treasury department. This fund is meant to support schools for four months. The plea of the case is based on the breach of this requirement of the constitution. This is because Rosedale Consolidated High School was an appropriate school for Martha Lum. More to that, her father was a taxpayer who also helped to support the running of the school as stipulated in the legislative document. This implied that denying her the right to attend and learn in Rosedale high school was tantamount to racial discrimination, which was not allowed by Mississippi’s constitution. In essence, the fact that Martha was educable is substantial for her to be allowed to progress in her education and career. According to Dickson, it is Martha’s constitutional right to access education given that she was not a member of the colored race (67). The colored race, especially Mongolians, was verboten in the Mississippi County. The court ruled that a writ of mandamus be invoked according to the petition filed to stop the hindering of Martha attending the school. The appeal of the defendants against the ruling of the supreme court of Mississippi culminated in a stern directive by the

The Concept of Risk in Diffirent Project Management Approaches Essay

The Concept of Risk in Diffirent Project Management Approaches - Essay Example If we talk about the risk management in agile (Scum) software project management, it basically allows us to deal with risks on the daily basis. For instance, till the end of a day we identify and record the project risks. On the other hand, PRINCE2 goes beyond the definition of risk as it divides the risk into two categories on the basis of their positive or negative consequences. These two categories can be threat and opportunity. In this scenario, a threat could be an uncertain activity or action which if it occurs can cause negative effect on the project’s likelihood of achieving its objectives. On the other hand, an opportunity is an event if it takes place can cause a favorable and advantageous effect on the project likelihood of achieving its objectives (Brady, 2009; Rehman et al., 2010; TutorialsPoint, 2012). However, in this paper we will consider the risk as a threat. In addition, risk management is an essential element of both the Agile (scrum) and Prince2 project ma nagement approaches. This paper will discuss the concept of risk from the perspective of Prince2 and Scrum project management approaches. ... According to this attribute, risk may or may not take place; in other words, we are not 100% sure about the occurrence of possible risks. On the other hand, another attribute is acknowledged as â€Å"loss†. According to this attribute, the risk turns into a certainty, unnecessary outcome or losses can take place. Hence, while evaluating project risks, it is necessary to assess the degree of loss and the level of improbability associated with each risk (Pressman, 2001, p.146; Kerzner, 2006, p.743). In addition, risk management is the process of identifying, measuring, and managing what might go in the wrong way into a project before it turns out to be a danger to the successful completion of the project or the implementation of a software application. Moreover, risk management is a very important skill to manage a project successfully (Turban et al., 2005, p.712; Whitten et al., 2000, p.83). According to (Murthi, 2002), large software systems cannot be developed without facing a wide variety of risks. In this scenario, a report published by â€Å"The Standish Group† with the name of "CHAOS: A Recipe for Success," shows that only less than 30% of all software development projects are within budget and on time as well as fulfil all their indented requirements. On the other hand, more than 70% either fail or do not fulfil software development goals. Additionally, these facts are frightening in a cost-cutting measure where software systems play a significant role in fact they can make or break the organization (Murthi, 2002). In this paper, we will use the approach of identifying, measuring, and managing what might go in the wrong way into a project before it becomes problem for the successful completion of a project. Concept of Risk in Prince2 Project Management